Tin plated simbi shiti uye Wuxi chrome plated simbi pepa (inozonzi tinplate kana pasina musiyano wakasarudzika) ndiwo masimbi emidziyo.Muna 2021, kudiwa kwepasirese kwetinplate kuchave kunosvika mamirioni gumi nematanhatu emamiriyoni ematani (metric units inoshandiswa muzvinyorwa).Nekuda kwekuonda uye kukwikwidza kwezvimwe zvinhu, kushandiswa kwetinplate munyika dzakabudirira nematunhu (akadai seJapan, South Korea, United States, Canada, European Union, nezvimwewo) kwakadzikira zvishoma nezvishoma, asi kukura kwayo kwekushandisa muhupfumi huri kusimukira. akagadzirisa uye akadarika kudzikira uku.Parizvino, kushandiswa kwepasi rose kwetinplate kuri kukura pamwero we2% pagore.Muna 2021, kuburitswa kwepasi rose kwetinplate kuchasvika mamirioni makumi maviri nematatu ematani.Nekudaro, sezvo kuwedzera kwehuwandu hwekugadzira kweChina kunotarisirwa kudarika kukura kwezvinodiwa mudzimba, vanhu vanonetsekana kuti gaka riri pakati pekupa uye kudiwa richawedzera kuwedzera.Parizvino, kudiwa kwepagore kweJapan kwetinplate kungangoita matani 900000, inenge hafu yenhamba yepamusoro muna 1991.
Pasi pezviri pamusoro apa, zvakakosha zvakanyanya kuti vagadziri veJapan tinplate vachengetedze kukwikwidza kwezvigadzirwa zvavo vachipesana nezvimwe zvemidziyo (senge polyethylene terephthalate nealuminium) pamusika wepamba.Kuti izvi zviitike, ivo vanofanirwa kuvandudza mashandiro ematangi esimbi uye kuderedza mitengo kuburikidza nekubatanidza yakatwasuka kuburikidza nekubatana kwepedyo nevagadziri vematangi.Mumusika wekunze, zvakakosha kuti vashandise iyo yepamusoro-tekinoroji yakaunganidzwa uye yakasimudzirwa mumusika wepamba kuti vasiyanise zvigadzirwa zvavo kubva kune zvevanokwikwidza, uye nekuvandudza kukwikwidza kwavo kuburikidza nekubatana kwakatwasuka nevagadziri vemakani.
Mukuwedzera, nickel plated sheet simbi inogona kushandiswa kugadzira bhatiri shell.Mundima iyi, zvakakoshawo zvakanyanya kuti vagadziri vapindure nemazvo kune zvinodiwa nemushandisi.Vagadziri veJapan tinplate vanogona kuzadzisa izvo zviri pamusoro nekushandisa zvizere kuunganidza kwavo tekinoroji mumunda wetinplate nekufamba kwemakore.
Iri bepa rinoongorora maitiro emusika wemidziyo yemidziyo kumba nekune dzimwe nyika muJapan, uye inojekesa zvinodiwa zvehunyanzvi izvo mabhizinesi anoda kusangana.
Kushandiswa kwemagaba echikafu etinplate muJapan kushoma
Munyika zhinji dzemhiri kwemakungwa, tinplate inowanzoshandiswa kugadzira magaba echikafu, magaba emukaka uye serrated mabhodhoro caps.MuJapan, kushandiswa kwetinplate mumagaba ezvokudya kune zvishoma, uye inonyanya kushandiswa kugadzira zvinwiwa.Nekuda kwekuwedzera kwekushandiswa kwemagaba ealuminium, kunyanya mushure mekunge Japan yasimudza kurambidzwa kwemabhodhoro madiki e polyethylene terephthalate (500ml zvichidzika) muna 1996, marata munyika ino ainyanya kushandiswa kugadzira maketeni ekunwa kofi.Nekudaro, nekuda kwezvikonzero zvekuchengetedza, makeni mazhinji ekunwa kofi muJapan achiri kunyanya kugadzirwa netinplate, nekuti marudzi mazhinji akasiyana ezvinwiwa zvekofi muJapan ane mukaka.
Nezve aluminium cans uye polyethylene terephthalate mabhodhoro ane hanya, kukwikwidza kwavo kwemusika mumunda wemakani echinwiwa chekofi kwave kuchiwedzera kutyisa.Kusiyana neizvi, mukana mukuru wematangi esimbi ndeyekuchengetedza: acoustic inspection (nzira yekutarisa kuparara kwezviri mukati nekurova pasi petangi uye shanduko yemukati yekumanikidza nekunzwika) inongoshanda kune matangi esimbi, kwete aluminium matangi.Simba rematangi esimbi rinogona kuchengetedza mukati mawo kudzvinyirirwa kwakakwirira kudarika mhepo.Zvisinei, kana vagadziri vesimbi vakaramba vachivimba chete nechinhu ichi chikuru, magaba esimbi anozopedzisira atsiviwa.Naizvozvo, zvinodikanwa kuti vagadziri vesimbi vagadzire rudzi rutsva rwemagaba esimbi ane mabhenefiti makuru kupfuura aluminium magaba, ane hunhu hwekukwezva vashandisi uye anogona kuwanazve musika unogarwa ne polyethylene terephthalate mabhodhoro uye aluminium makani.
Kuvandudzwa kwemagaba ezvinwiwa uye zvinhu zvavo
Ongororo pfupi yenhoroondo yemagaba ezvinwiwa uye zvinhu zvavo.Muna 1961, kubudirira kubudirira kweTFS (chromium plated steel sheet) nesimbi chromium firimu uye hydrated chromium oxide firimu yakava chiitiko chinonyanya kufadza mumunda wezvinwiwa zvinogona kugadzira zvinhu muJapan.Izvi zvisati zvaitika, kunyangwe tinplate yaive hwaro hweindasitiri yekugadzira canning yeJapan uye tekinoroji yemidziyo, matekinoroji ese akakodzera aiitwa nenyika dzekumadokero.Semidziyo yakakosha yemidziyo, TFS yakagadziridzwa neJapan, uye zvigadzirwa zvayo uye maitiro ekugadzira zvakatumirwa kunyika dzekumadokero.Kuvandudzwa kweTFS kwakafunga nezvokupera kwezvinhu zvemarata epasi rose, izvo zvakaita kuti TFS izivikanwe zvikuru panguva iyoyo.Iyo resin yakasungirirwa magaba ekuputira anotonhora akagadzirwa nezvinhu zveTFS akadzikisa kutengesa kwema DI cans ane aluminium alloy sheet yakadhonzwa kubva kuUnited States yakaunzwa neJapan panguva iyoyo.Magaba esimbi akazotonga chinwiwa chekuJapan chinotengesa.Kubva ipapo, iyo "Super WIMA Method" yakagadziridzwa naSoudronic AG yekuSwitzerland yakaita kuti vagadziri vesimbi vekuJapan vakwikwidze kugadzira zvinhu zvemagaba ekusonerera.
Kuvandudzwa kweTFS kwakaratidza kuti hunyanzvi hwekuvandudza hunyanzvi hunoda kutsigirwa nekudiwa kwakasimba kwemusika uye kugona kwehunyanzvi.Parizvino, hapana kutyisidzira kukuru kune vanogadzira tinplate veJapan kupfuura kupera kwemarata."Kuchengeteka uye kuvimbika" kunofanirwa kuve kunetseka kwenguva refu.Panyaya yemidziyo yechikafu neyezvinwiwa, nyika dzine nzira dzakasiyana dzekurapa bisphenol A (BPA, inovhiringidza endocrine), nepo dzimwe nyika dzisingaibate zvachose.Parizvino, matanho eJapan pa "chengetedzo nekuvimbika" ari kure nekukwana.Basa reindasitiri yematangi uye indasitiri yesimbi ndere kupa nharaunda-inoshamwaridzika, zviwanikwa uye simba rekuchengetedza midziyo uye midziyo yemidziyo.
Inogona kuonekwa kubva munhoroondo yekuvandudza yetinplate kuti kune hukama hwepedyo pakati pekugadzirwa kwemakani matsva uye zvinhu zvitsva zvemakani.Nezve tekinoroji, makona eJapan asvika padanho repasi rose, iro rakakwana kutsigira indasitiri yesimbi yekuJapan kuti irambe ichigadzira zvinhu zvitsva nemaitiro, uye nekuzvisimudzira pasi rose kuburikidza nekudyidzana kwepedyo nedzimwe nyika.
Global canning zvinhu zvemusika maitiro
Musika wepasi rose wezvigadzirwa zvemagaba une hunhu hunotevera: kutanga, kudiwa kwemagaba esimbi kuri kukura;chechipiri, magaba ezvokudya ndiwo anotora mugove mukuru womusika;chechitatu, kupihwa kwemidziyo yemidziyo yakawandisa (kunyanya kuChina);chechina, vagadziri vepasi rose vetinplate vanokwikwidzana maererano nemutengo uye kunaka.
Kukura kwekukurumidza kwehuwandu hwekugovera wepasi rose we canning zvinhu zvakanyanya muChina.Iro data rakakodzera rinoratidza kuti kubva muna 2017 kusvika 2021, kugona kweChina kwekugadzira matangi kwakawedzera nematani anosvika mamirioni mana.Nekudaro, ingangoita 90% yepakati uye yakaderera giredhi tinplates akagadzirwa ekutengesa giredhi inotonhora-yakakungurutswa simbi mashiti.Zvinoenderana netsanangudzo muJIS (Japanese Industrial Standard) uye mamwe maitiro anozivikanwa pasi rose, nyika dzakabudirira dzinogadzira tinplate kuita MR, D kana L simbi (maererano neJIS G 3303) nekunyatso kudzora kuumbwa kwesimbi, vozogadzirisa izvo zvisiri zvesimbi. inclusions zvinoenderana nekupera kwekushandisa, uye kunyatso kudzora maitiro panguva yekupisa kukunguruka, kutonhora kutenderedza, annealing uye tempering rolling, kuitira kuti uwane inodiwa kuita kwetinplate substrate.Chero zvazvingava, tinplate yakaderera-giredhi inotora imwe chikamu chemusika.
Vagadziri vanofanira kuitei mune ramangwana?
Chiyero chehunyanzvi cheJapan mumunda wekugadzira uye kugadzira simbi yesimbi inozivikanwa seyepasi rose.Nekudaro, tekinoroji yakaratidza kushanda muJapan haigone kupararira kune dzimwe nyika zviri nyore, inova chikamu chemusika.Apo kudyidzana kwepasi pose kwakava izwi rinowanzoshandiswa muJapan, kunyange zvazvo indasitiri yekugadzira simbi yeJapan yakaita kudyidzana kwepasi rose kwekugadzirwa kwemaindasitiri (zvichienderana neJapan tekinoroji nzvimbo, tin plating zvirimwa zvinovakwa kunze kwenyika), mushure mekunge tekinoroji yeTFS yakagovaniswa nevanodyidzana navo mhiri kwemakungwa makore makumi mashanu. yapfuura, kuwedzera kwekuyambuka muganhu wehunyanzvi hwekushandira pamwe kwakadziviswa kwenguva yakareba.Kuti iratidze chinzvimbo chayo mumusika, indasitiri yesimbi yekuJapan inofanirwa kudyidzana pasi rose matekinoroji ainovandudza nekusimudzira muChina.
Zvinogona kudzidzwa kubva kubudiriro yetekinoroji yeJapan mundima iyi kuti kusimukira kwakakosha kwetekinoroji kunobva muhukama hwepedyo pakati pevagadziri vesimbi nemagaba.Kana zvigadzirwa zvetinplate zvichitengeswa kune vashandisi vekunze, chinotarisisa chevashandisi vakadaro chiri pakugadzirwa kwechigadzirwa, pane kugadzika tinplate kupa.Mune ramangwana, kune vagadziri veJapan tinplate, zvakakosha kuratidza mabhenefiti echigadzirwa chavo nekubatanidza wakatwasuka simba rekuvimbisa kwevanotakura uye canners.
——Kuderedza mutengo wemagaba.
MaCanners anofanirwa kunyanya kunetseka nezvemitengo yekugadzira, inova hwaro hwekukwikwidza kwavo.Zvisinei, kukwikwidzana kwemari hakufaniri kungoenderana nemutengo wesimbi, asiwo pakubudirira, kugadzira canning uye mari.
Kuchinja batch annealing kune inoenderera mberi annealing inzira yekudzikisa mutengo.Nippon Iron yakagadzira ndiro inoenderera mberi yakavharirwa iyo inogona kutsiva bhero mhando yakavharwa ndiro yerata, uye yakakurudzira ichi chitsva kune vanogadzira magaba.Isati yatumirwa kubva kufekitari, chiyero chekuramba chesimbi chinopfuurira annealed chakaderera, uye unhu hwechigadzirwa chega yega coil yesimbi yakagadzikana, kuitira kuti vatengi vagone kuwana hukuru hwekugadzirisa, kuderedza kukundikana kwekugadzira, uye kuwana kukunda-kukunda mamiriro.Parizvino, maodha ekugadzira ekuenderera mberi annealing tinplate atora akawanda emirairo yeJapan iron kugadzira.
Tora zvidimbu zvitatu zvekudya gaba remuviri semuenzaniso.Munguva yakapfuura, yaimbotonhora yakakungurutswa (SR) zvigadzirwa zvine ukobvu hwe0.20mm ~ 0.25mm zvakashandiswa zvakanyanya.Nippon Iron inokurudzira kuitsiva nechigadzirwa chakasimba chechipiri chinotonhora (DR) chine hukobvu hwe0.20 mm kana pasi.Neiyi nzira, iyo unit inoshandiswa yezvinhu inoderedzwa nekuda kwekusiyana kwehukobvu, uye mutengo unoderedzwa zvinoenderana.Sezvambotaurwa pamusoro apa, kemikari yetinned simbi pepa inodzorwa zvakasimba, uye ukobvu hwayo huri pedyo nechepasi muganhu weindasitiri inotonhora yakakungurutswa simbi, saka yechipiri inotonhora kukunguruka inogona zvinobudirira kuderedza chigadzirwa ukobvu.
Sezvo nzira yechipiri inotonhora yekukunguruka inogamuchirwa, ukobvu hwesimbi yepasi hunoderedzwa zvakare pachigayo chehasha mushure mekuvhara, saka kana kureba kwakadzikiswa, simba rezvinhu rinowedzerwa.Munguva yekugadzira gaba, izvi zvinowanzo tungamira mukutsemuka kweflange padhuze nejoint yakasungwa, kana ripples panguva yekuumbwa kwegaba rekuvhara kana maviri-zvidimbu magaba.Zvichienderana nezvakaitika kare, Kambani yeJapan Iron yakagadzirisa matambudziko ari pamusoro nekushandisa yakatetepa yechipiri inotonhora inotenderedza tinplate, uye yakapa mushandisi wega wega zvinhu zvakanyatsokodzera zvemhando dzakasiyana dzemagaba uye nzira dzekugadzira, kuitira kuderedza mutengo wekugadzira.
Kusimba kwechikafu kunogona kunyanya kuenderana nechimiro chayo uye kusimba kwenyama.Kuti vaunze zvigadzirwa zvinokwanisa uye zvinoshanda zvinogona kugadzira, Nippon Iron yakagadzira "virtual can fekitori" - simulation system inogona kuongorora kusimba kwemagaba echikafu zvichienderana nekushandurwa kwezvinhu uye maumbirwo anogona.
——Singisai nezve “kuchengeteka uye kuvimbika”.
Sezvo ndiro yerata ichishandiswa kugadzira midziyo yechikafu neyezvinwiwa, vagadziri vesimbi vane basa rekupa zvinhu zvakachengeteka uye zvakavimbika kuvashandisi vekumba nekune dzimwe nyika.Iyo ndiro yesimbi isina bisphenol A chinhu chakadaro.Japan Iron&Steel Co., Ltd. inogara ichiteerera kumitemo yekuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza, uye yakatsunga kuramba ichitungamira pasi rose mugadziri wemidziyo yakachengeteka uye yakavimbika yemidziyo kuburikidza nekugadzira uye nekupa nharaunda-inoshamwaridzika midziyo yesimbi mapepa.
Mamiriro emusika uye tarisiro yekuda kwenickel plated simbi sheet
Ingave yapfuura, yazvino kana yeramangwana, tangi yesimbi ndiyo yakanakisa mudziyo mhando.Izvo zvakanyanya kukosha kuti vagadziri vabatane padhuze nevashandisi, pamwe chete kutsvaga simba uye zviwanikwa zvehupfumi zviwanikwa, uye kugadzira nekupa zvakatipoteredza-hushamwari zvinhu.Kune vakawanda vanogadzira simbi dzesimbi pasi rese vanoda kuwedzera hunyanzvi hwavo hwekugadzira (kunyanya munyika dzichiri kusimukira).
Nickel plated steel sheet ndeimwe mhando yemidziyo yemidziyo inogadzirwa muJapan.Iwo mabhomba emabhatiri ekutanga (akadai sealkaline yakaoma mabhatiri) uye echipiri mabhatiri (akadai se lithium mabhatiri, nickel simbi hydride mabhatiri uye nickel cadmium mabhatiri) anogadzirwa nickel plated sheet simbi.Huyero hwese hwemusika wepasi rose wenickel plated steel sheets ungangoita 250000 matani / gore, ayo mahwendefa akavharwa anotora inenge hafu.Iyo precoated plate ine yunifomu yekupfeka uye inoshandiswa zvakanyanya muJapan nenyika dzekumadokero kugadzira mabhatiri ekutanga uye yakakwirira capacitance yechipiri mabhatiri.
Chiyero chemusika chenickel plated steel sheet idiki zvakanyanya pane iyo yerata yakaiswa simbi, uye nhamba yevatengesi ishoma.Vatengesi vakuru munyika yose ndiTata India (inoda kusvika 40% yemugove wemusika), Toyo Steel Co., Ltd. yeJapan (inoda kusvika 30%) neJapan Iron (inenge gumi).
Kune mhando mbiri dzenickel precoated sheet: nickel plated sheet uye kupisa diffusion sheet ine nickel coating yakaparadzirwa kune simbi substrate mushure mekupisa.Sezvo pasina kumwe kurapwa kunodiwa kunze kwekunge nickel plating uye diffusion kudziyisa, zvakaoma kuti vagadziri vasiyanise zvigadzirwa zvavo kubva kune zvevamwe vakwikwidzi.Sezvo zviyero zvekunze zvebhatiri zvakamisikidzwa, vagadziri vemabhatiri vanokwikwidzana pakuita kwebhatiri (zvichienderana nemukati capacitance), izvo zvinoreva kuti musika unoda mahwendefa esimbi matete.Kuti uwedzere chikamu chemusika uye kusimudzira kusimukira kweindasitiri yemabhatiri, kugadzira simbi yekuJapan kunofanirwa kuenderana nezvinodiwa nevagadziri vemabhatiri uye kutamba mabhenefiti ayo akasimba mukubatanidza nzira dzekugadzira.
Kudiwa kwenickel plated steel sheets mumusika wemabhatiri kunze kweindasitiri yemotokari kuri kuramba kuchikwira.Indasitiri yekugadzira iron yekuJapan yakatarisana nemukana wakanaka wekutungamira musika nekupindura nemazvo kune zvinodiwa nevagadziri vebhatiri.Mumakumi mashoma emakore apfuura, tekinoroji yekudzikisa ukobvu yakaunganidzwa nekugadzirwa kwesimbi yekuJapan mumunda wekugadzira tinplate inonyatso kuzadzisa kudiwa kwemusika kwenickel plated simbi mashiti emabhatiri.Iyo goko remota bhatiri pack rinonyanya kugadzirwa nealuminium kana aluminium foil laminate uye plastiki firimu.
Kune vanogadzira simbi, zvakakosha zvikuru kutora matanho anobudirira ekutsvakurudza nekuvandudzwa kwekushandiswa kwesimbi.
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-01-2022